Journal of the stylistic of Persian poem and prose
volume Number 16، number In Volume 6، September 2023 ، issue Number 88

A comparison of the ways of representing the character element in Aristotelian eloquent novels and Fariba Vafi based onThe approach of critical realism in the novels "Khouf and Nina, My Bird, and Dream of Tabbat"

Forough Malekian , Latifeh Salamat Bavil (Author in Charge), Shervin Khamse

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In formative constructivism, we can understand the author"s individual worldview from the worldview presented in the text, and from the author"s worldview, we finally reach the worldview of the social group in which the author is located. Formative constructivism is a dialectical method that reaches from the text to the individual and from the individual to the social group of which the individual is a part. The arena of the novel is the arena of manifestation of the author"s understanding, perception and recognition of the whole flow of existence and human society, or at least the arena of the author"s effort to understand the world and human life, and perhaps an arena for the revelation of life and the rediscovery of man and the relationship between man and life. While emphasizing Goldman"s formulation of the form and content of the novel in three categories, the most important issues of the protagonists in the two novels "Fear" and "Nina" by Shiva Aristoui and "My Bird" and "Dream of Tibet" by Fariba Vafi Been paid. Addressing problematic heroes and describing their characteristics is one of the main goals of this research.

METHODOLOGY: This research has been done with the descriptive-analytical method and by using the views of Lukacs and Goldman with an emphasis on the theory of critical realism.

FINDINGS: Most of the characteristics of the problematic personality expressed in the theories of Lukács and Goldman are found in the novels "Fear" and "Nina" by Shiva Aristowi and "My Bird". and "Dream of Tibet" by Farbaba Vafi have also appeared. In these novels, Aristowi and Vafi narrate the lives of characters who understand the distance between themselves and the problematic society, have no future and protest the current situation. In these works, the female characters have a kind of emotional breakdown, which was formed under the influence of the society"s view and its ruling ideology.

CONCLUSION: Identity crisis is one of the basic components in the formation of problematic characters in all four works; Social issues, emotional relationships, irreparable gap between the hero and the society, commitment and struggle against destructive mediators are among the dominant features of female characters in today"s novels.

Keyword
critical realism , Lukács and Goldman opinions , problematic personality , "Fear" and "Nina" , " My Bird" and "Tibetan Dream".

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